FELUY IN THE WARS OF LOUIS XIV
From the reign of Louis XIII of France, hemmed in on all sides by states of the Habsburg family, will have no political fight against them. Cardinal Richelieu was able to transform the war 30 years, first in religious and domestic conflict and European policy.
The political skills of French Prime Minister, Mazarin was concluded in 1659, the Treaty of the Pyrenees which cuts Hainaut five cities, 81 villages and 1/6th of its territory. This seems to be lasting peace since Louis XIV married Infanta Maria Theresa of Spain
September 17, 1665, King Philip IV of Spain dies, his infant son, Charles II as frail as feeble-mindedness of its successor body.
Louis XIV gets complacent lawyers biased interpretation and asserts the rights of his wife on the English Netherlands. Eager to finish, he throws his armies in Flanders. They are contained by allied troops: English, English and Swedish.
May 8, 1667, the king of France resumed hostilities, entered Belgium at the head of 35,000 men. The conquests were easy, no place was defended, and this campaign was more like a pleasure than a war. June 2, Turenne took Charleroi, Feluy received a French garrison, which remained there until the conclusion of the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, May 2, 1668.
During this campaign, had to send 70 Feluy pata con ¬ hogsheads of oats and five officers of the Baron de Vaulx, stationed in Braine-le-Comte, and pay 40 pounds they had spent in various pubs Feluy to no longer be plundered, or foraged or molested, as he had been in the past.
Feluy had to send eighty-eight pioneers, two carriages and five horses to work with Fortifications of Mons.
June 16, 1667, Jerome Poliart, censier Renissart of his farm houses in Louis XIV and his retinue. At his request, the aldermen of the barony of Arquennes declare that nothing remains of the hop and the garden that are completely ruined, flax, barley fields, orchards, woods and bundles, three bonniers oats, all pastures are mowed and trampled by horses
The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was signed in 1668. He gave France, besides several large Flemish towns, Charleroi, Binche, Ath, Tournai and Douai, and their lordships bailiwicks. Vauban restores Fortifications of Charleroi, Tournai, Ath and Avesnes.
In 1672, relying on the Rhine, the French armies carry a bold flanking movement, and invade the United Provinces. Heroically, the Dutch burst their banks and flooded the French army pushes on the Meuse, the Sambre and the Scheldt. Moved by this bold stroke that reveals the extent of French ambitions, Britain, Denmark and 1'Empire join forces with the United Provinces ¬ and Spain.
The Prince of Conde, Leuze, Thieu and Pedestrian, ravaging everything in its path
leads his army in Seneffe, where the battle takes place on 11 August 1674. The Prince of Orange camped Feluy
Battle Seneffe lasted over 8 hours of day and 2 hours at dusk. It leaves 17,000 dead on the ground, including 10,000 for the allied army, and 7,000 for 1000 including the French officers. The two armies withdrew without a decisive victory is declared in one of two camps
In 1675, the campaign began early. Louis XIV wanted to see the battlefield Seneffe before hostilities begin. The town Feluy, as all the neighboring villages, had continually to suffer by the passage of troops, both French than English. She paid a further contribution of 1,700 guilders in Charleroi, was the fifth since the beginning of this war. She must also deliver a large amount of wood to the troops housed in the castle of Ecaussinnes
In 1676, Lord Feluy to keep his castle and its properties, addressed to the Governor-General Charles de Gurrea, Duke of Villa Hermosa, to get a backup. He asked the same favor to King Louis XIV, who sent him on February 12. Feluy still had two fees of war in Charleroi, one in March of 1280 guilders and the other in November of 1700 guilders.
January 28, 1677, the lord of Braine-le-Comte asked 350 fences for its fortifications, and the Sieur de Chaunoy, curator of war Enghien, asked for a con ¬ tribution of 206 pounds 2 floors. On 4 February, the town had to deliver Feluy 6000 bales of hay and 3,000 bales of straw in Braine-le-Comte ¬.
The French army spent Feluy, June 11, with a large portion of luggage and stayed there the night that ruined military campaigns, raised grain and destroyed in March. The 23, a large convoy, ranging in Mons, led by the Duke of Holstein, encamped at Feluy and caused great damage
The French army, which was Pedestrian in time, came almost daily fodder fields Feluy.
The intendant of Hainaut ordered July 20, 3300 to deliver rations of oats in Charleroi. The Prince of Orange went invest Charleroi on August 6, but on 13 he was forced to abandon his bivouac. To guard against any disaster, the town Feluy had procured a backup of the Marshal of Luxembourg, who camped at the head of 40,000 men in plain Pedestrian. On 20 August, the town was ordered to pay Charleroi its eighth contribution of 1,700 guilders.
Army of Allies, being Soignies in Braine-le-Comte 24, and September 27, came to feed the number of about 5,000 men, and took the hay, straw and grain, removed several horses and looted the home ministry where we are.
October 17, the same army returned Enghien in Braine-le-Comte: their approach to the inhabitants fled with their furniture and livestock. On the 18th the whole army of allies spent Feluy, and encamped between Arquennes and Nivelles: everything had been kept by force backups and money during the earlier passages, was then washed away and several people were abused . December 5, some 400 French horses pillaged several houses. 23 and 24, another French side, after burning the crops in several nearby villages, came to Feluy and set fire to the few who remained, and exercised great cruelties without regard to the prayers and performances of judges. During this year, over one hundred parties, both French allies, forced the Mayor and the aldermen to give them everything they wanted.
January 5, 1678 Feluy was ordered to pay his ninth contribution in Charleroi. The 8, the lord of Braine-le-Comte asked eighteen benches and twenty-two covers for the French garrison housed Cambron. 21, a French party, led by Commander Pinet, went to great expense to the cabaret of Mary Jaumot. The 24, five hundred French horsemen raided the village of Marche-les-Ecaussinnes and burned them fodder, from there they went to Ecaussinnes; their approach, the inhabitants fled and hid Feluy they had more valuable, but they escaped with fear; riders went on 26 to Nivelles and then marched on Binche. The
31, a French party ¬ lish, commissioned by the partisan Leveau, Feluy came with orders to put all the fodder out of the houses and barns, to sentenced to be burned, as had happened to farms Fori and Hélincourt near Nivelles. On 10 February, the bailiff and the priest went to Binche to get some fodder to keep: they presented to the Commissioner two chickens, a capon and a hare. The 20, a French party came to cool the house of Mary Jaumot. On 25, seventy horsemen French burned all the fodder and Feluy Arquennes, with the exception of a few farms away, which has forced farmers to burn themselves.
A English party of the garrison of Ghent, came the March 2, cool off with William Wood, 4, a English party of fifteen men cools Gaudré Herman, as the 13th, when another party came to Ath wanted to stay in the village, but they gave him three patacones to override. On 15, Feluy paid his last contribution of 1,700 pounds in Charleroi, was the tenth. On 29, the French cavalry surprised the castle opened, requested food and fodder.
On May 23 a French party of twenty-five men came to cool off in the village, the 28 came from another Roeulx make expenditures Herman Gaudré. On 30 May, a troupe of French gave the alarm on the side of Tourette.
The 31, three different parties came French cast terror among the inhabitants, who feared some looting.
On 6 June, a French party came to ask for food. On 15, the army encamped at Saint-Symphorien demanded three cows and the next day, the vast army stationed in the Petit-Bigard asked four.
few French riders came, July 10, cool. The 12, four backups and restored their horses at the widow Sturbecq; only parties that they were English troops entered the same house. 19, at the evening, another English party cools Herman Gaudré he came make some expenses to the same house. On the 27th the French army was encamped Ecaussinnes, and the town asked for a backup: a messenger from the Duke of Luxembourg, accompanied by some soldiers came and asked two carriages for the service of Duke. On 28, the foragers of this army came to Feluy prevailed all grain, hay, utensils and household labor, and took the iron bars and locks on the houses, while two infantry regiments devastated all gardens. The 29, some of these troops, going to feed Nivelles, occasioned great losses yet to campaigns. The 30, the bailiff and the priest wore Fish the Duke of Luxembourg ¬ borough, François-Henri de Montmorency-Routeville, Marshal of France
31, Marshall gave the priest a backup Feluy.
Several carriages came Nivelles, August 1st remove all particles that were able to collect and hide. On 4 August, more than 600 men went to Nivelles and the town picking up the grains and forages. 5, they recrossed Feluy with a large number of trucks laden with booty. 6, two guards of the Duke of Luxembourg, came at ten o'clock at night asking twelve trucks and took all the horses in the castle refugees. 7, the French army decamped Ecaussinnes and went to stay Soignies: Backup Demaret Feluy left together. The war continued with varying fortunes, and ended 10 August 1678 by the Treaty of Nijmegen.
Louis XIV renounced Charleroi, Binche and Ath, but kept Tournai, while Bouchain Valenciennes, Conde, and Maubeuge Bavay became forever French.
However, after August 10, Lieutenant Maisonville, commander of Charleroi, asked eleven trucks. On 12, the French army departed and went to Soignies Cambron: a skirmish took place near Mons, between the French and Dutch. The 15, a English party through Feluy went house to Ronquières. On 18, the allies encamped at Roeulx, searched several houses, despite the safeguard provided by the Prince of Orange, and took everything that the French had been removed. On 19, they returned and stripped several people. On 21, the allies went Ecaussinnes, and sent their raging furnace ¬ Feluy but not finding anything, they were forced to go further. The 25, four guides were requested to lead the army of the Allies who encamped on the 26th at Feluy Arquennes and Seneffe, and was commissioned by the Prince of Orange and the Duke of Villa Hermosa. On the 28th, the allied army went to Houtain-le-Val and Genappe. On the 29th, about 200 riders came to refresh Feluy.
During the first days of September, not more troops ¬ Sérent Feluy, which it had distributed food and fodder. September 15, Feluy Arquennes last house and four regiments, which caused many disorders, mainly Arquennes, or they burned several houses with the church.
In 1680, the Allies barely had they separated their forces, that Louis XIV began the fight, the year following the detachment violated the French territory of the Netherlands, Marshal d'Humières, Lessinnes camped, is set in the flat cut.
The year 1683 saw 70,000 French to break our country is devastated and ransomed. Feluy pay a contribution of 1,000 guilders to the French, the army encamped at Ecaussinnes in July 1684 burned the castle Gaasbeek
Feluy got a backup on July 15 of Marshal Schomberg, the whole troupe went through Feluy 17 towards Nivelles, from whence his foraging area ransom.
In 1689, the clerk of Lalieux wrote to Marie-Florence Berghen Arquennes that "it is left or bailiff mayeur or in the village and the people retired with his cattle every evening, or at Nivelles in the woods "
in 1691, the armies have their camp in the countryside between Soignies Feluy, and the Duke of Luxembourg shall his headquarters at the castle Feluy.
From the fall of Namur in June 1692 through the Battle of Steenkerke in August 1692 and the new intake of Charleroi, October 11, 1693, the fate of war is always favorable to France.
It should be noted this year was a skirmish on June 11, a French troupe was attacked by Feluy English, the French in very small numbers were defeated, and had few men wounded, the Spaniards came before the castle, and threatened to burn the village, if we do open the doors. They took away a flock of sheep.
September 12, 1693, during the siege of Charleroi, the castle was completely bald Feluy. Philippe Seutin, censier Croncul lost all of its grain and fodder, the farm lost all its Croncul grain farms in Graty Ansielsart were looted and 16 June, a few days later, a second foraging is done in village, no house was spared, the cure was sacked. The town is in the greatest misery, 48 houses were abandoned
January 17, 1694, the infantry came disruptive and mistreat some people, they forced with sticks Jean Gaudré, censier Farm Great Pasture, to guide them up Obaix, where they stripped him of his clothes and sent him head and bare feet of snow and frost. Incidentally, they had removed a horse farmer from the Escaille.
I will not dwell on how the killing was done mayeur Feluy Gilles Bernard, February 25, 1695, the fact is sufficiently known.
April 13, 1696, a troop of 50 men came to remove the Mayor and took him to Binche, because the municipality had failed to send in Charleroi 3 stonemasons, Roisin demanded by the steward, to release the mayeur the town had to send 6 stonemasons.
July 26 Allied army camped again at Feluy, Duke of Bavaria and lived in Arquennes Elector of Cologne, Prince Bishop of Liège, Feluy. This camp causes immense damage to the parish, the manor of Espinette was ablaze, the cure was burned with the tithe barn, Marshal flemming, serving frog gave families Cuvelier and Lechien , sums of money to rebuild their homes, as well as to rebuild the parish priest. That same year, October 4, Croquet and rangelands were looted.
As you can see, this war, every day brought its share of annoyances, requisition, confiscation, fodder, etc.. It continued until 1697, but the warring parties are military, and especially financially exhausted. We can say that the Treaty of Rijswijck concluded September 20, 1697, is the fatigue. It leaves 1'Espagne Charleroi Thuin, Mons and its provost, Ath and his lordship, with the exception of Antoing and 15 villages. In fact, despite his victories, Louis XIV to restore almost all that the Treaty of Nijmegen had given him.
November 1, 1700, the English king, Charles II, aged 39, died childless. Louis XIV, had persuaded him to appoint successor, Philip of Anjou, his little son. He will reign under the name of Philip V. he was 17, raised to the court of France, to the authority of his grandfather that he "prays to ensure the safeguarding of the Netherlands" and presented him as December 4, 1700, a proxy government of abandoning the our provinces.
King then began to incorporate the Netherlands in the system of centralization that Colbert established in France, and is directed by Intendant Jean-François Roisin, he introduced conscription for men aged 20 to 40 years, and increases the tax burden. The annexation of the country is barely disguised.
In English whose laxity is accommodated itself somehow succeeds absolutism that dismays and angers.
May 15, 1702, exasperated, Emperor of Austria, who considers himself the sole heir of Charles II declares war on Spain to Philip V, and France and obtained the alliance of England, Denmark, Prussia and Portugal. Thus begins the War of English Succession which destroyed our unfortunate countries soon.
addition overflow and destruction that armies of both sides made during this decade, I will mention some highlights of this war:
May 1706: Battle of Ramillies
Sept. 1706 in Marlborough taking Ath.
July 1709: decision-Tournai
Sept.1709: Battle Malplaquet
Oct. 1709: capture of Mons. The French defeat seems final.
November 23, 1710, the army of the Allies from Soignies, passed by the Gratière and Bridge Soignies
traveling to Nivelles. 24, the Prussian army encamped at Feluy few pastures and fodder; 26, the Dutch army, went into the village and burned Marimont farm, the farmer lost all his furniture and his crop.
After difficult negotiations that forced Louis XIV, reduced to extremities, to take steps to obtain the humiliating peace treaty three successive Utrecht in April 1713, Rastatt in May 1714 and Antwerp in November 1715. Our provinces are assigned to Austria.
If the memory of King sun never ceases to shine in France she could not have been honored long in our province who had to endure his yoke and became known as "the century of Woe"
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