When the institution (r) provides L last year, I published on the blog A folder shortcut professional practices. Without being in the same process, what I propose today is more a study of the situation regarding the field of competence 1. This writing was done last year during an internship in an outbreak of the Judicial Protection of Youth. I chose a situation experienced in an attempt to dissect and propose an analysis of the institution in connection with these investments.
So this writing is composed as follows:
- Anamnesis brief description of the young
- situation
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- Recommendations theoretical assumptions
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Reflection on an environmental "good enough" All elements inherent to the identity of persons and places were changed.
During my second year of training, I chose to do my internship at the Foyer of Educational Action (AWF) Momentum. This depends on the Judicial Protection of Youth (PJJ) and hosts a dozen teenagers between 16 and 18 years under the ordinance of 2 February 1945 on juvenile delinquency.
During my training period, many situations have led me to question the institution as a vector in the daily practice of the educator.
Through the study of a unique situation, I chose to interview the sphere containing and benevolent institution in relation to the problems inherent to an audience of teenagers.
Ilyès is a 15 year old, who arrived in AWF The impetus reception process immediately for attempted aggravated robbery and aggravated theft. He was placed under the order of February 2, 1945 but also Articles 375 and following of the Civil Code.
Ilyès is the youngest of three siblings. His father left home when he was less than a year. The mother raised her children alone, holding a Careers SEN Social and Health, she was looking for a job lorsqu'Ilyès was allowed to AWF Momentum. Benoit, the elder the family is aged 18, is currently unemployed and lives at home mother. Alban, aged 16, is allowed in House Children's social character under the administrative protection of children.
The various reports available taught me Industry Focus suffered violence consecutive his father and his two brothers. Benoit in particular would have a very authoritarian towards him, which could explain the attempted suicide of Ilyès when he was 13.
The report done by the open environment also provides information on the dropout of adolescent took place in spring 2009. Despite an individualized type of class / course, Ilyès would have folded on her neighborhood and would have deserted recreational activities offered by the ADDAP.
The situation I am about to describe runs about two weeks after my arrival. Ilyès was remanded in custody 48 hours earlier with another young physical damage to the home and attempted assault. I am charged with a work colleague (Iris), to fetch him at the police station and accompany another home [my city]. In the vehicle, Iris explains to the young that because of his behavior, a layoff has been issued against her and we accompany him to another home. Ilyès gets angry and demands that Iris continues to talk to him, saying he does not care, etc. ... I try to speak in my turn to ask him if he wants to go to Council discipline to which it is convened in the day. His anger from growing up Ilyès grabbed the handbrake while we drive and opens the door of the vehicle to try out. At that moment, I choose to voluntarily enter by the arm and said: " Ilyès is too easy flee! "but did not intend to hurt him, I let him escape. Stopped on the side, my colleague is trying to catch up Ilyès by holding the wrist but it obviously overwhelmed by his anger and emotions, shouts insults and cries. He eventually fled to the back of a street, shouting and clapping against the sidewalks. As a kind of provocation, I choose to call, "Come explain, Ilyès! . At these words the young began to run toward me, approaching my face and through her tears, throws me: " Go ahead, touch me and I hit you ! . Placing my hand on his shoulder, I explain that I am not here for that and I just want to hear that this is wrong. The situation continues with relay sockets standing between Iris and me. Ilyès have attitudes of self-aggression, biting and repeatedly tapping the vehicle. Still, his anger can be expressed without it will abscond again.
We follow him home finally planned, late in the day, I would return to lead the search to its Board of Discipline. He greeted me with a smile, causing me to visit his new room ...
Ilyès is greeted at home for ten days when this incident took place. During this period, I have already identified a number of elements on the young. Upon his arrival, Ilyès expressed its difficulty to bear the separation with his usual environment. Residing more than 25 km from [the city], he saw his first separation and is also without clothing or objects belonging to him, it seems to accentuate his unhappiness at the beginning of placement. A teacher makes contact with the mother of Ilyès to develop a family returns this weekend. The mother, called to be in trouble ensure compliance by his son, wants to wait several weeks before the visit. Lorsqu'Ilyès is aware, he expressed his displeasure by crying and running away temporarily. The situation
AWF The momentum being jeopardized by a lack of staff, teaching staff can accommodate Ilyès under normal conditions. No project can be implemented, it complains of having nothing to do and to openly ask questions about his near future. Apart from that, the young and curious to watch pleasant in conversation.
After the first days that Ilyès observes the life of the home, he just to break some rules by repeatedly running away the night in the company of another youth. In response, no reaction will come from the team, except the statement of the fugue and read the rules of procedure in order to signify its position against copyright infringements to which it engages. Ilyès is attentive reading of this document, questioning the rule and signing the document. It was this night that will be placed in custody for attempted assault in the vicinity of the FEF's momentum.
This situation leads to several questions. Initially, I find it interesting question of transgression. Often considered an antisocial reaction, it seems important to situate the context of Ilyès considering its age. Indeed, can we consider that the confrontation rule is an integral part of the construction of the person? All the disciplines of humanities and social consensus on this, among other mechanisms, the teenager set up a number of attitudes enabling separation-individuation with parents. If one believes the current Freudian, the dependency relationship that existed between a child and his / her parent (s) becomes all at once threatening and it is for the young to exist as a subject in itself and to interact with its environment. Attempt of emancipation, the transgression may also allow the youth to test the robustness of the framework within which it operates to ensure its soundness. It may therefore be hypothesized that the transgression of the rules by Ilyès expecting a reaction from the team.
Secondly, I would argue that the daily lived in the home Momentum is a space of possibilities. It is often the place of acting out as a real plane (home) the educational process supported by a team led situations symbolic order (convivial, reactivation of life situations, relations ...). So I shall make the assumption that the internship is a place between reality and symbolism of other processes, family relationships and / or parenting can rejoice in the day. This assumption allows me to connect with the family of Ilyès which according to his mother, would be the place of violence is not contained. The absence of responses to the transgression can it be a source of anxiety? The repetition of faulty family experience?
Finally, in continuity of my second hypothesis, it seems essential to reverse the process of exclusion suffered Ilyès when the incident. The new dictionary of the social exclusion defines as " a set of failure mechanisms both symbolically and in terms of social relations . After
have violated the rules without them are restored within the institution, Ilyès knows one day isolation through custody and exclusion by the layoff of AWF Elk, he will learn decision in the vehicle. The same evening, it will be permanently expelled from his college.
Consequently these words, we assume Industry Focus relied on daily to pass the act. At first, the team could not respond because it was undergoing its own emergency inherent in the operation of the PJJ. Finally, Ilyès has suffered a series of breaks, excluding it from a place he had not yet fully invested. What image could he be referring to himself, noting that his actions were capable of failing institution?
The educator responsible for supporting teenagers, in my vocation to bring about compliance by the subject's cognitive, emotional, physical and emotional.
For this, it seems interesting to highlight in a first time the concept of "good enough mother" by Donald W. Winnicott and inspired by the work of Melanie Klein. He said the good enough mother is capable of three acts: the holding company (he is a "carry" secure enough), the handling (care for the child) and the object-Presenting (capacity of the mother to present the object of desire at the right time). As part of our thinking, I passed the term mother to speak more of an environment good enough. For that, I would say that the institution must be able to serve as a benevolent through special attention, filling three roles mentioned above (support, caring, offer).
Secondly, this concept in my view should be compared with the paternal function described by Sigmund Freud and later taken up by Jacques Lacan. The paternal function refers to a symbolic function (occupied by the real father or not) which introduces prohibited, generate desire in the subject and therefore to include it in the field of social relations. Again, this is for me to transfer this concept to the everyday life of a boarding school as the MEF's momentum. When the team is a person facing a transgression, he is talking about allowing the teenager to give up absolute power and use viable means of communication in the social field.
In the situation described, being temporarily seize the arm or Ilyès put my hand on his shoulder came into play in my speech. As a principle of reality, appearance body comes to my mind do exist and give value to another, his anger, his feelings ... and at the same time, is to surround a real and symbolic. For those few provocations I had with respect to Ilyès, I wanted to provide a function of capacity, while inviting him to speak. I wanted to maintain a position to show him that despite his attitude, he would not destroy the adult in front of him. Otherwise it would not increase his feeling of being a bad thing?
The second stage year was for me an opportunity to explore issues of a boarding and day associated with it. Very quickly, my thoughts have come to the concepts of benevolence and capacity in supporting adolescents.
Thinking about the support offered by the MEF to Ilyès Momentum allows me to propose to conclude the term reassurance * the ability to designate a team to support the youth in its modes of expression while opposing limits on his transgressions, allowing it limits the development of social communication.
Pour résumer la compréhension que j’ai pu avoir de cette situation, je citerais pour finir Pierre Kammerer : « Le penchant à détruire, dont le sujet attend une réponse, peut signifier la quête éperdue d’un environnement stable, contenant et rassurant, et qui pourtant laisse la liberté de bouger ».
*Néologisme volontairement utilisé pour désigner la complémentarité de l’acte de rassurer et de celui d’assurer [une fonction]
Adolescents dans la violence - P. Kammerer
New Dictionary of Critical Social Action - Barreyre J.-Y., B. Bouquet
